`` Rationalizing Malibu `` By Mario Garcia - 1615 Words

Andrea Bobadilla Professor Mario Garcia ENGL MO1B 10 May 2016 (title) Abstract In the short story â€Å"Rationalizing Malibu†, Mario Garcia portrays his characters as two conflicted men whose strange friendship helps lead them to the answers to their internal conflict. In this paper, the actions of Garcia’s narrator are interpreted in terms of Sigmund Freud’s theory of psychosexual development and the theory of repression. It is believed that the psychosexual development and theory of repression is unconsciously employed by the narrator as a way to prevent himself from dealing with past traumatic events, which led to the creation of Blaine. By using Freud’s psychosexual development and theory of repression, it is concluded that both theories are useful tools for understanding the narrator’s cause for creating Blaine. As a result of inadequately meeting multiple stages as well as repressing traumatic events, the narrator was driven to create Blaine, leading him to self-destruction. 1. Introduction Mario Garcia’s short story â€Å"Rationalizing Malibu† uses a first-person perspective, the narrator, the protagonist, who tells the whole story beginning to end. It is a story about the strange friendship between the narrator and Blaine. The narrator introduces Blaine as, â€Å"north of ruthless† (2) when dealing with people and who’s strange and often times upsetting behavior draws the narrator closer to him, â€Å"I envy him the most†¦I visit Baine often, and each time†¦my envy isShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Mario Garcia s Rationalizing Malibu 2408 Words   |  10 PagesMira Latif Professor Mario Garcia English M01B 22 April 2016 Freud’s Psychoanalytic Theories as Applied to Mario Garcia’s â€Å"Rationalizing Malibu† Abstract In Mario Garcia’s â€Å"Rationalizing Malibu†, readers traverse a terrain that is often unseen—one that involves both the beautiful and ugly sides of Malibu. In this paper, the thoughts of the narrator are dissected using Sigmund Freud’s psychoanalytic concepts of id, ego, and superego—superseding ambiguity with clarity. The reader is not immediately

International Human Resource Management - 945 Words

Introduction: Human Resource Management (HRM) involves all decisions that directly affect the people who work for the concerned organizations and corporate enterprises. Hence, HRM can be termed as a strategic and coherent approach to an organization’s most prized asset- the people working there, who individually and collectively strive towards achieving the organizational goals. In simple words, HRM means employing people, developing their capacities, utilizing, maintaining compensating their services in tune with the job and organizational requirements. International Human Resource Management (I-HRM) This involves a process of procuring, allocating effectively utilizing human resources in a multinational corporation while†¦show more content†¦Stage 3: Subsidiaries or Joint Ventures – Some operational facilities (e.g., parts assembly) are physically moved to other countries. – Corporate headquarters in home country has high control over foreign operations. – Provides expatriates and local employees with knowledge and skills to succeed in the foreign country. Stage 4: Multinational Operations Much more prevalent international dispersion of production and service provision facilities. Decentralization of decision-making more prevalent, but â€Å"major† personnel decisions still made within home country. Expatriates still primarily manage foreign facilities. Stage 5: Transnational Operations Little allegiance to the firm’s country of origin. Large-scale decentralization of decision-making. Dominant role of expatriates is removed. Each business unit across the globe has the freedom to make and implement its own HRM policies and practices. Selecting Staff for International Assignments Selecting staff for international assignments is a complex undertaking for several reasons including: Identifying a suitable person for the assignment. Predicting their performance in a new, culturally, potentially very different environment. Dealing with personal and family-related issues and problems Devising an appropriate compensation package Complying with host country regulations Expatriates: The Expatriates form the most critical element of I-HRM.Show MoreRelatedInternational Human Resource Management3101 Words   |  13 PagesContents 1. Introduction 2 2. International HRM 2 2.1 Expatriate 3 2.2 Factors Affecting companies in an international level 3 3. Activities of HR managers in local and international level 4 3.1 HR Planning and Analysis: 4 3.2 Equal Employment Opportunities: 4 3.3 Recruitment and Selection process: 5 3.4 Motivation, Compensation and Benefits: 5 3.5 Health, Safety and Security: 5 3.6 Management Employee relationships: 6 4. Conclusion and Recommendation 6 5. References andRead MoreInternational Human Resource Management1251 Words   |  6 PagesWhat are the main similarities and differences between domestic and international HRM? †¢ More HR activities. †¢ The need for a broader perspective †¢ More involvement in employees’ personal lives. †¢ Changes in emphasis as the workforce mix of expatriates and a local varies. †¢ Risk exposure. †¢ Broader external influences. †¢ Cultural awareness and the role of the international HR manager o Despite the methodological concerns about cross-culturalRead MoreInternational Hrm : International Human Resource Management Essay740 Words   |  3 PagesInternational HRM is the interaction between the human resource functions, countries and types of employees1 - parent country nationals (PCNs), local or host country nationals (HCNs), and nationals from neither the parent nor host country but from a third country (TCNs). Performing HR operations with an international perspective is the essence of international human resource management i.e. when the human resource management assumes a global perspective; it becomes international human resourceRead MoreInternational Human Resource Management3727 Words   |  15 Pagescom Current Trends and Future Directions of Human Resource Management Practices: A Review of Literature Ogunyomi, O. Paul Department of Industrial Relations Personnel Management University of Lagos, Nigeria E-mail: yomipaul@mail.com Shadare, A. Oluseyi Department of Industrial Relations and Personnel Management University of Lagos, Nigeria E-mail: seyidare2001@yahoo.co.uk Chidi, O. Christopher Department of Industrial Relations Personnel Management University of Lagos, Nigeria E-mail: krischidi2002@yahooRead MoreInternational Human Resource Management Essay1485 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction According to the definition provided by the academia education web portal, human resource management has replaced personnel management over the time period and it consist of various strategies, policies and processes. International Human Resource Management (IHRM) is a â€Å"Process of employing, developing and rewarding people in international or global organizations†. Types of organizations While concentrating on the IHRM in the vast developing economic nature, it is highly important toRead MoreInternational Human Resource Management Practices Essay2277 Words   |  10 Pagesto enter into the international business through exporting their product to the different parts of the world or licensing or joint ventures to gain higher profit. By following the paths of international business may encounter the new challenges that are coming along with international human resource management. International human resource management is the set of distinct activities, functions and processes developed by MNC’s, to attract, develop and maintain their human resources. (Taylor et al,Read MoreQuestions On International Human Resource Management Essay1716 Words   |  7 Pagescase study Please find completed case study on International Human Resource Management-Padi Cepat on the basis for your reading and action. Sign: Name: Patel Nimisha Paper Title International Human Resource Management Paper Code 95.892(B) Term 1 2015 Lecturers : Dr. RobertRead MoreManaging International Human Resource Management1860 Words   |  8 Pagesin turn created the need for International Human Resource Management (IHRM) roles (Scullion, 2001). Human resource management is progressively becoming a major factor that can determine the success or failure of MNC’s. Scullion (2001) concluded that HR strategies play a vital role in implementation and control in MNC’s, and alignment between HR strategies and the organisational structure of MNC’s often results in superior outcomes. In order to strive, human resources must be managed effectively toRead MoreInternational Human Resource Management. Introduction.1701 Words   |  7 PagesInternational Human Resource Management Introduction Human resource managers, outlines, directs and facilitates the regulatory elements of an association. They supervise the selecting, meeting, and contracting of new staff; counsel with top officials on the key Strategic obligation; and fill in as a connection between an association s administration and its workers. To flourish in the disorderly and turbulent business condition, firms need to always enhance and be â€Å"on the ball† regarding businessRead MoreInternational Human Resource Management Practices1205 Words   |  5 PagesEurope. Human resources management (HRM) practices and model depends on the actual extensions of national business. Indeed local business with the ambition of being multinational will export their model and corporate culture to a targeted country. Against a backdrop of multinational corporations (MNCs), globalization, emerging markets, increasing internationalization and cross-national activity by MNCs, there is a need to focus on the implementatio n of international human resource management practices

Creative Writing Essay Thesis Example For Students

Creative Writing Essay Thesis This also suggests that emotions can be controlled. Emotions however, can give us truth- for instance, if we see a dead mean and smell his rotting body, we would instantaneously feel sad and have a sick feeling. The fact is that the man has died, and believing that triggers the emotions, thus we know it is true the man has died. Emotions are very dodgy in terms of giving us truth. Thus, it is of great importance that reasoning (another way of knowledge) is introduced into the whole spectra in order to separate the hindrance of emotions from the truth we seek through our senses. Seeing that the Senses cannot decide our dispute, being themselves full of uncertainty, we must have recourse to Reason; there is no reason but must be built upon another reason: so here we are retreating backwards to infinity. Michel de Montaigne. This bias quote towards reasoning greatly implies the use of reasoning and logic in order to give us the truth, because senses by themselves are full of uncertainty. It is this that causes us to think about the validity of day to day arguments and knowledge we acquire and think of its greater implications in the world. It makes us question about things we already know and the new things we are told. For instance, when we think we see a dead man walking, we reason out that if a man is dead, his heart his not beating and there is no blood being pumped through his body, thus no electrical impulses are being send to his brain and therefore he cannot be walking, or in fact, he cannot be alive. Thus, we apply the basic facts of how the human body works and come to a conclusion that the dead man walking was not the truth because it fits in with our overall sets of belief. In order to get close to the absolute truth, we need to set apart our emotions just like Helen Keller did and think logically, or simply reason out. The final way of knowing- perception, is also vital for achieving the truth. Everything we see, hear, taste, smell, or touch, is not necessarily what we expect it to be. As said before, we know what something tastes like only because of its label or we can see what it is. If we were to blindfold a person and make him describe the texture of a rock and a pebble, he might not be very accurate in describing it unless he actually sees the size of the rock and the pebble. Usually, in perception, the confirmation by another sense is required in order to fully believe in what we see, hear, taste, smell, or touch. Helen Keller must have perceived the world in a very different way as compared to us. Losing two of her most important senses that help us perceive the world, her certainty of knowledge would be questioned. Certainty depends on perception, and perception depends on senses working together, and senses working together depends on reason and language, all of this combined is what gets us closest to quest of pathway of absolute truth we intend to seek.

Study for Final Essay Example

Study for Final Essay 1. Under which of the following circumstances will the seller pay the whole of an excise (per unit) tax? a)when the tax is collected from the buyer b)when the supply curve has a zero elasticity c)when the demand curve has a zero elasticity d)when the tax is collected from the seller The following three questions refer to the accompanying diagram of a competitive market. Refer to Figure 3 above. A per unit tax is imposed on consumers. The initial price and quantity are P0 and Q0, respectively. After the tax is imposed, the equilibrium quantity is Q1, firms receive the price Ps, and consumers pay the price Pd. . Area C + D + F + G is a)the tax revenue collected by the government b)the total value that consumers receive from their purchases c)the fall in producers surplus d)the deadweight loss due to the tax 3. Refer to Figure 3 above. Which is the deadweight loss from the imposition of the tax? a)E b)E + H c)H d)J e)E + H + J 4. In the perfectly competitive firm a)the demand curve appe ars to be horizontal b)the supply curve appears to be horizontal c)the supply curve is the MC curve above average variable costs d)the supply curve is the MC curve above average fixed costs e)a and c of the above . For a firm in short run perfectly competitive equilibrium a)P=MC b)AR=MC c)AR=MR d)all of the above e)a and b of the above 6. In short run perfectly competitive equilibrium, profits for the typical firm are given by (* indicate the value at the firm’s profit maximizing quantity) a)(P*-MC*)q* b)(P*-AC*)q* c)(MR*-AC*)q* d)(MC*-AC*)q* e)all but a above 7. A firm that is in short run competitive equilibrium and for whom PAVC a)will produce a zero output b)will leave the industry c)will produce the profit maximizing output d)a and c of the above e)none of the above 8. When a simple monopolist – no price discrimination chooses to sell an additional unit of a good or service a)marginal revenue will be equal to the going market price b)it will have to lower its price on the additional unit and on all other units c)marginal revenue will always be negative d)marginal revenue will be less than the price e)b and d QuantityPriceTotal RevenueAverage RevenueMarginal Revenue 135 35 2 6432 29 329 4 17 523 11 6120 717 -1 8 -7 9 9911-13 9. If the monopolist wants to maximize its revenue, how many units of its product should it sell? a)4 b)5 c)6 d)8 10. Assume this monopolists marginal cost is constant at $11. What quantity of output (Q) will it produce and what price (P) will it charge? a)Q = 4, P = $27 b)Q = 4, P = $25 c)Q = 5, P = $23 d)Q = 7, P = $17 Suppose that the industry price of this product is $12 in a competitive industry. Every firm in the industry has fixed costs of $10 and has the following marginal cost s: Quantity Marginal Cost 1 $4 2 6 3 8 4 10 5 12 11. How many units does a firm produce? a)2 b)3 c)4 d)5 e)Not enough information 12. How much profit does the firm earn? a)2 b)6 c)8 d)10 e)Not enough information We will write a custom essay sample on Study for Final specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Study for Final specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Study for Final specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer

How to Write a Technology Term Paper Easy-to-Implement Steps

How to Write a Technology Term Paper Easy-to-Implement Steps Struggling with your technology term paper? Most students are afraid of such assignments because of the stress connected with academic writing. In this article, you’ll find some useful technology term paper writing tips that will help you create a fantastic academic term paper with little stress and ensure an efficient writing process. Follow these easy steps in writing a term paper on technology and you’ll overcome writer’s block and work more productively. We will guide you through the entire writing process and give some useful tips on editing and proofreading. Besides, you’ll find here 20 good technology term paper topic ideas that you can use for writing your own projects. Keep reading. What Is a Technology Term Paper? First, let’s discuss what type of academic assignment a technology term paper is. A technology term paper writing is a long essay or a report assigned to students to be written in a college course during a term. It’s a complex task that can help you develop analytical and critical thinking skills and learn to present your ideas in a concise and logical manner. It’s your opportunity to devote your time and think about the topic you are interested in detail and do it in a quiet and focused way. The basic structure of a technology term paper includes 3 parts: the introduction, the main body, and the conclusion. Choosing a Good Technology Term Paper Topic: Advice from Our Experts If your instructor hasn’t assigned a specific topic for your term paper on technology, you should carefully consider what topic you would like to use. The best advice may be to pick a topic you enjoy because researching and writing is a long process and you will work with pleasure if you choose a topic that you are interested in. But first, you have to check online and in your school library to find out if there are enough resources available for doing research. Otherwise, you’ll need to select a different topic. To help you get started, we have made a short list of amazing technology term paper topics. Look it through to get some ideas for inspiration and brainstorming. How Is Digital Learning Changing Schools And Education? Negative Effects of The Development of New Technologies; Impact of the Advancements in Military Technologies on the Wars in The Middle East; What Are the Most Important Programming Languages? How Is Big Data Changing Biology? Long-term Impact of Virtual Reality on Education; Future of Cloud Computing; How Can DNA Be Used For Storing Information? Management of Large Amounts of Information in Data Storages; How Are Technologies Changing the Way We Read? Do Military Technology Advancements Make Our World Safer? Why Is Texting Dangerous? The Fourth Industrial Revolution and IT; What Makes People Addicted to Technologies? Impact of Social Media on Family Communication; Advantages and Disadvantages of Virtual Reality Technologies; Should Scientific Investigations on Humans Be Limited? Coning and Its Influence on the Value of Human Life; Approaches to Solving the Problem of Genetic Diseases; Discuss Contemporary Organ Transplant Procedures. When you have chosen a broad topic for your term paper, it’s critical to narrow it so it could fit the word count of your written project. For example, the topic reproductive technologies is too broad to cover it in a school or college term paper so you may write about the regulation of reproductive technologies or about ethical problems connected with infertility technologies. You have to think about the concrete research question and decide what aspects of the topic you would like to explore. This step is very important and for good reason. Without a specific research question, you will not be able to stay focused while doing research and writing your term paper. If you don’t exactly know what you want to investigate, it will be difficult to develop your argument to the point. You should also think about the title of your term paper and make things even more concrete. Doing Research and Making First Notes Now that you have a clear question that you want to work on, you have to find relevant primary and secondary sources that you can use for writing your own paper. You can look for them in your school library or in online databases. Wondering what sources you can use? the commonly used resources include: books that provide a detailed analysis of an issue; reference books that give compiled information; articles from scholarly journals with the latest information; newspapers that can serve as primary sources and provide basic information; authoritative websites that offer the quickest way to find relevant information. Make notes as you read about your topic. Jot down the key points that can help you organize your argument. It’s better to write in full sentences so that you could understand what you wrote and why it’s important when you start reviewing your notes later. You will need to reread your notes at the planning stage. If you plan to use some ideas for direct citing or paraphrasing, write down all the necessary information about your sources (author’s name, title, the year of publication etc.). It will help you make the list of your sources on the references page. As you read your secondary sources, you have to evaluate them and decide how they can be helpful for writing your technology term paper. Your research question will serve you as a guide in choosing the right literature on your topic. Making an Outline After you have read lots of credible sources on your topic, it’s time for brainstorming in order to create an outline for your technology term paper. You can use such techniques as clustering and mind-mapping to come up with interesting ideas. Try to make a detailed outline for your writing project because it will guide your writing and help you save a lot of time and overcome writer’s block. Having an outline, you will know exactly what you want to write about so it will be possible to start writing your term paper from any section. When making your outline, you may find out that you lack ideas for your term paper and you will need to do additional research. You should also organize your notes and quotes to determine how you can use them to support the key points in your outline. Writing a Draft You have done a lot of pre-writing work so you can get started and put your thoughts down on paper. You can start writing any way you like – by writing an introduction or by writing in the middle. Start with a portion of your technology term paper that you know well. Don’t think about spelling, sentence structure or other formal aspects of writing – just write. You will organize your ideas later. No one can write a perfect first draft – you will need to revise your notes several times, making necessary changes and improving the content and the logic. That’s why you should save all your notes and versions. Be ready that you can get stuck at some point so instead of staring at the blank screen of your computer, start writing any other portion of your paper you feel comfortable with. Here are some tips on how to write essential parts of a technology term paper. Introduction Writing an introduction can be a frustrating experience so you’d better write it when you have finished your body paragraphs. Then you’ll know exactly what your technology term paper is about so it will be easier to introduce your topic and grab your audience’s attention. You should start your introductory paragraph with an interesting quote, an odd fact, impressing statistics or a story. You need to present your research question/thesis statement and describe your approach by explaining the topic and the structure of your paper. Writing a strong thesis statement is important for a number of reasons: It helps you stay focused and clarifies your ideas; It provides a unified structure for your technology term paper; It serves as a hook for your topic sentences; It can be revised if you get new evidence and refine your arguments. Here is an example of a thesis statement for a technology term paper on genetic testing: ‘Genetic testing has potential benefits for people, providing much -needed explanation for an illness and helping doctors determine the most effective course of treatment.’ Body The body of your term paper is made of different sections and subsections. Each chapter of your paper should have a title. When writing each section, you should formulate a question or a specific topic that you want to cover in it. Then you need to write paragraphs that will give an answer to your question, provide an argument for your thesis statement or present the content of your technology topic. Remember: each body paragraph has to present one idea and develop it in a coherent form through the logical order of its sentences. You have to state the main idea of each paragraph in a topic sentence which typically comes at the beginning of the paragraph. And one more thing – in an academic text, paragraphs never consists of a single sentence. Your statements should be concrete and you should prove or illustrate them with relevant quotes from primary and secondary sources. To avoid plagiarism, you must cite the sources for all your quotes. This is true for direct quotes and for summaries and paraphrasing as well. To help your readers follow your argument, you need to give short summaries at the end of each section and use transitions to show relationships between different parts of your academic paper. Don’t forget to inform your readers where you are going. Conclusion When the body of your technology term paper has been completed, you need to create a conclusion, putting the results of your research together in a short summary. Besides, you have to draw a conclusion from the results of your research. You can also make suggestions about the further implications of the research you have made. Bibliography Create a bibliography page and include all the sources that you have quoted, summarized or paraphrased in the text of your technology term paper. You have to organize your references page according to the citation style specified by your professor (MLA, APA or other). Revising a Draft When your rough draft is complete, you should review it from your reader’s point of view. You have to think of your term paper as a whole and check the logical order to ensure that your readers can easily follow your argument and will not have to guess anything. Next, you should read your technology term paper sentence by sentence and edit the content, style, and formal aspects. Make changes to improve the logic in your paragraphs, fix mistakes in word choice and in verb tenses. Finally, you should check the documentation to ensure that your term paper is formatted properly and meets the requirements of a specific formatting style. You need to make the necessary adjustments until you are satisfied with the logical flow and see that your term paper looks like a clear and concise prose. Proofreading is the final step of the editing process where you have to focus on correcting minor grammar errors, misspellings, and punctuation mistakes. It’s the process of polishing your final draft and making it flawless. It’s very important for making a good impression on your readers so you should devote enough time for doing it. Editing and Proofreading Tips You Can’t Skip Put your technology term paper aside for some time. You won’t be able to edit and proofread your paper properly if you have just finished writing and you can skip over lots of errors; If you have enough time, you should edit and proofread your term paper in several short blocks of time. It’s difficult to focus your attention if you work too long, trying to edit and proofread the entire paper at one time; Don’t rely completely on spelling and grammar checkers because they typically have a limited dictionary and work with a limited number of rules. They often make mistakes in identifying errors; In order to stay focused, try to identify only one kind of mistake at a time; An effective technique for checking the spelling is to read your paper backward sentence by sentence. You can also read out the text of your technology term paper loud to hear how the words sound together.

Essay on Death

Essay on Death Essays on death such as essays on the death penalty, essays on the Black Death and essays on death and dying are written keeping in consideration the issue of death that is common to all human beings and that will come to all. Many dramas are written that deal with the issue of death and critics write different articles and essays on death for those death-oriented plays. Death is a theme that is seen differently by different people who write on this theme in form of essay on death. Some consider death as a source of release from this troublesome life; others consider death a horrifying reality. Death is seen as a friend as well as an enemy. Essays on death of a salesman usually deal about the issue of existence of a common man who finds relief in death and also embraces death to give a benefit to his son, Biff. Death of a Salesman is a tragedy written by Arthur Miller. It has never lost its reputation of an excellent play since its writing. In this play, Arthur Miller indicates death as something that takes a common man, Willy Loman, in its hands to give him freedom from his so long struggling life which gives him nothing except hopelessness and losses. Willy Loman suicides and takes refuge in death, which frees him from all his pains and sufferings of life. Critical essays on death of a salesman should be written by criticizing the drama according to one’s own perceptions and feelings. The essays on death should generally be written by highlighting your own ideas and thoughts regarding death. Every person feels about death variably because for every person life is different and his written essay on death will be different accordingly. Some people are fortunate enough that they are awarded a happy life to live while others are burdened by many problems; some people are successful because they make use of intellect while leading their life while others give most importance to their emotional aspect and lead a life based on the decisions of their heart; some people keep a strong imagination for their future life and live in dreams in place of reality while other face the reality as it is, so, for different personalities, life is different and so is death as they are interlinked. An essay on death or essay on death penalty will be written on your view of life and death. An essay on death or essay on death penalty should be written by introducing the issue of death for which you are writing an essay on death. A persuasive essay on death penalty should be organized in such a form that the first passage should introduce the topic, after the introduction, comes the body passages that keep the information regarding to your arguments related to the issue of death and the last passage of the essay on death should summarize the whole set of arguments described in the body passages. You can get plagiarism free essays on death from online custom writing websites like us, which are there for your assistance.

Market Structures Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Market Structures - Essay Example An oligopoly, on the other hand is a market situation where there are few competitors in the market, but each competitor is large enough to affect the market price. The concentration of power rests on a few players now, rather than just one. And like in the case of the monopolist, while there is competition already, each player still has enough power to curb production, affect quantity of output or raise prices. While there has been a very fine line between an oligopoly and cartel, the difference lies between the formalization of groups that comprise the competition to serve a common purpose. In an oligopoly, the individual players have enough power to affect prices in the market. When these players form a group of a common purpose in order to regulate the supply in a certain market, thus actively controlling the price it becomes a cartel. The difference between an oligopoly and a cartel lies in forming an association between the players to limit the competition. An example of a monopoly is a power distribution company that serves a certain area. Monopolies of these sorts are apparent in networks, in order to ensure a certain level of supply to keep prices from fluctuating and hurting consumers. The telephone service industry is an example of oligopoly. The players in the industry can affect the market price of various telephone services by preempting to control prices of a service, which could lead the other competitors to either follow or counter the attack. The Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries is a good example of a cartel. In order to regulate the supply in the oil market, these countries form in order to produce a quota, or certain amount of supply in accordance to their contribution to the supply target of the cartel. Monopolies and oligopolies over time accumulate as much resources that are enough to fund breakthrough scientific discoveries and research and

Management information system Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Management information system - Research Paper Example The unparalleled progresses in calculation and communication technologies have made such requirements adaptable into attainable objectives. Thus, a large portion of the world population has its stake in information systems. Invariably, such systems are computer based. Today, more than ever before in the history of human kind, we have an unquenchable thirst for information. The society has changed significantly from the Barbarian to the Agrarian Society, from Agrarian to the Industrial society and from the industrial society to a society dominated by the service sector. People have witnessed the industrial revolution, the advent of automobile and introduction of telephones. Today, people are all living in an information society. It goes without saying that we describe the present times as the information era or the IT age. Underneath this is a tacit acceptance of the fact that not since the advent of the automobile and the introduction of the telephone has an invention, had such wide spread impact on our lives and society as the computer, which has ushered in the information era. ... Notably, organizational management systems that pertain functioning, planning, and running of an organization are very significant. In reference to Lucey (2004), management information system implies chiefly â€Å"organizational information systems which are generally large, sophisticated, structured, and dynamically evolving and of immense commercial value†. In addition, Lucey (2004) notes that computer data structures required to aid administration of a business structure the primary subject of this transcript. Description of the information system and its functions Management information system is a familiar term to most of the managers working in both public and private organizations. These systems are used widely by administrators at central, functioning and superior degrees in an organization. Organizations employ a high number of system analysts and programmers and systems analysts to build numerous management information systems (Lucey, 2004). Obviously, in the educati on of system analysts and programmers in addition to general executives, the subject management information system occupies a key position. A TECOM investments organization in Dubai is no exception. TECOM investment organization develops and manages business parks under Dubai Holdings. TECOM investment holding is a conglomeration of more than four thousand companies. This organization uses information systems in its management and provides information system services to its clients through the Dubai internet city business park. TECOM investment has installed management information systems in different departments which have different goals and objectives. Though Management Information system was envisioned as a single

The assessment cycle Essay Example for Free

The assessment cycle Essay The assessment cycle is the on-going process of assessment. Each stage involves initial assessment, assessment planning, assessment activity, assessment decision, feedback and progress review. Initial assessment will take place to gather sufficient information about the learner’s current level of competence. This will establish a starting point so that the learner can see how much he or she will achieve during the course. It will enable the tutor to effectively plan to meet the individual learner’s needs and will help to review the learners progress and achievements as well as determine future learning needs and preferred ways of learning. Assessment planning is making decisions on what outcomes of learning should be, what methods and resources will be used, how the learning and assessment will take place and in the appropriate time scale. You should ensure that the planned evidence collection and assessment opportunities cover the national standard. All training and assessment must be appropriate for the needs of each learner. When the learning programme or assessment process is put into practise, it is considered the assessment activity. The results of learning are assessed, formatively and summatively. Performance evidence is gathered. This could be products of the learners work like documents produced as part of an activity or a test. It could also be practical evidence with the learner demonstrating competence. Assessment decision and feedback should always be given to learners regarding their performance. The feedback should include whether the evidence provided meets the national standard. It is important that the learner agrees with the assessment decision. The assessment should meet the specific outcomes and criteria identified in the assessment planning and should be at the appropriate level for the qualification. All evidence must be judged as valid, authentic, consistent and sufficient. A review of progress will keep learners up to date on how they are doing on the course. It is a constructive process that gives participants the opportunity to identify achievements and discuss problems and potential issues. The review process also provides an opportunity to set realistic milestones for the remainder of candidature, to ensure completion within the permitted timeframe. Initial assessment is assessing the learner’s current level of competence. This will establish a baseline so that the learner can see progress. It also offers the tutor the opportunity to plan to the learner’s ability, needs and learning style. Assessment planning takes forward the initial assessment and utilises information gathered to design an appropriate course of learning. This will be appropriate for national standards and set to a level that the learner can take advantage of. Assessment activity is when the learning programme is put into practise. Results of the learning are assessed and evidence is gathered. This will be a mixture of documentation and practical evidence demonstrating competency. Assessment decision is the stage to which the feedback and assessment decision is given. There, the learner will be informed whether evidence meets the national standards and carefully explained so that the learner understands the decision. This will follow the process initially planned. Progress reviews take place in several inspection contexts. Essentially they are a point in time when all parties involved in training take a step back and look at the progress being made by a learner towards completing their individual learning plan. They also involve setting targets to further complete the plan.

Marketing Mix :: essays research papers

Social Systems Analysis of Organizational Planning and Management   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  HUS 643.22   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Systems Analysis –Comp Unit IV-B Purpose: To discuss the components of the marketing mix, outline the product offerings of the agency and define strategic planning from an open systems perspective. Monifa K. Jackson December 26, 2003 Dr. Harold Carter Thesis Development Marketing mix is a management function linking the organization to its external environment. The linking or transaction occurs not only between customers and the organization, but also amongst the organization’s task environment. Kotler & Andreasen (2002) contend that in contrast to those who conceive of marketing largely in terms of communications strategies designed to change customers to fit the organization’s offering, sophisticated marketer’s view the marketing function as more diverse and the marketing objective as, above all, responding to customer needs and wants. A diverse marketing program pays attention not only to communication but also to the nature of the offering, its cost to target audience members, and the channels through which it is made available. The true marketer’s mindset considers that it is the organization that must be willing to adapt its offering to the customer, and not vice versa. At National Pike Health Center (NPHC), this philosophy has been adopted. NPHC agrees that creativity is necessary for survival. All clients will not be able to molded into an already existing program. Change agents must be readily able to view challenges to impacting positive change and adapting to a more flexible style of empowering. Generations change rapidly and what worked for one may not work for another. Staying informed is essential to staying at the forefront of empowerment.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The pilot project focuses on educating families with options to achieving a better education for their children. The foundation of a good education, in which the children are stimulated and motivated to learn and to return to school, is priceless. The classroom is a microcosm of the world. Survival of the academic arena dictates one’s future potential. Children were taught not to give up, but to discover alternative methods of locating valuable solutions.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Kotler and Andreasen (2002) contend the marketing mix is the particular blend of controllable marketing variables that the firm uses to achieve its objective in the target market. There are many variables that create the marketing mix. They are classified into major groups including price, product, place, and promotion.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The product was the delivery of the services to the consumers (target population). The services were distributed within the context of the existing program through group sessions, accurate record keeping, and other client services. Marketing Mix :: essays research papers Social Systems Analysis of Organizational Planning and Management   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  HUS 643.22   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Systems Analysis –Comp Unit IV-B Purpose: To discuss the components of the marketing mix, outline the product offerings of the agency and define strategic planning from an open systems perspective. Monifa K. Jackson December 26, 2003 Dr. Harold Carter Thesis Development Marketing mix is a management function linking the organization to its external environment. The linking or transaction occurs not only between customers and the organization, but also amongst the organization’s task environment. Kotler & Andreasen (2002) contend that in contrast to those who conceive of marketing largely in terms of communications strategies designed to change customers to fit the organization’s offering, sophisticated marketer’s view the marketing function as more diverse and the marketing objective as, above all, responding to customer needs and wants. A diverse marketing program pays attention not only to communication but also to the nature of the offering, its cost to target audience members, and the channels through which it is made available. The true marketer’s mindset considers that it is the organization that must be willing to adapt its offering to the customer, and not vice versa. At National Pike Health Center (NPHC), this philosophy has been adopted. NPHC agrees that creativity is necessary for survival. All clients will not be able to molded into an already existing program. Change agents must be readily able to view challenges to impacting positive change and adapting to a more flexible style of empowering. Generations change rapidly and what worked for one may not work for another. Staying informed is essential to staying at the forefront of empowerment.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The pilot project focuses on educating families with options to achieving a better education for their children. The foundation of a good education, in which the children are stimulated and motivated to learn and to return to school, is priceless. The classroom is a microcosm of the world. Survival of the academic arena dictates one’s future potential. Children were taught not to give up, but to discover alternative methods of locating valuable solutions.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Kotler and Andreasen (2002) contend the marketing mix is the particular blend of controllable marketing variables that the firm uses to achieve its objective in the target market. There are many variables that create the marketing mix. They are classified into major groups including price, product, place, and promotion.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The product was the delivery of the services to the consumers (target population). The services were distributed within the context of the existing program through group sessions, accurate record keeping, and other client services.

System coverage

This guide is written for forest rangers and foresters, county forest board members and exaggerators extension workers. Each illustration introduces a set of principles and planning procedures on how exaggerators planning can proceed for the restoration of degraded sloping lands and for the incorporation of trees into agricultural landscapes. 1. 3 How to use this guide? This guide does not provide ready-made recipes, but offers advice on how to integrate trees and exaggerators practices into land restoration in general, and in sloping land management.Its aim is to help extension workers and rammers formulate their own knowledge, innovations and practices for the specific conditions they face. The guide also takes stock of good practice and success stories from locally and aboard, as well as lessons learnt from failures. It is designed as an entry point primarily for field practitioners. In cases where exaggerators is completely absent in current field practices, it may be used to ini tiate a participatory planning process for the incorporation of trees in farms and sloping lands.The purpose is to assist in sustainable economic development and environmental protection. Exaggerators is the combination of agriculture and forestry; rather than treating these as separate options for land use, it brings both together, recognizing and promoting tree use on farms. Exaggerators can be defined as: The integration of trees in farming systems and their management in rural landscapes to enhance productivity, profitability, diversity and ecosystem sustainability.While the number of trees in natural forests is steadily declining, the number of trees on farmland is increasing. In many parts of the tropics, exaggerators is providing essential products and services that can help relieve he pressure on the natural forest domain. EXAGGERATORS: OTHER DEFINITION In simplest language, â€Å"exaggerators is the production of trees and of non-tree crops or animals on the same piece of land†. The crops can be grown together at the same time, can be grown in rotation, or can even be grown in separate plots when materials from one are used to benefit another.However, this simple definition fails to take into account the integrated concepts associated with exaggerators that make this system Of land management possibly the most self-sustaining and ecologically sound of any agricultural system. Thus, a second definition of exaggerators would be, ‘the integration of trees, plants, and animals in conservative, long-term, productive systems†. Exaggerators can be considered more as an approach than as a single, finished technology.Although several finished systems have been devised and tested, such technology may require adjustment for particular situations. The flexibility of the exaggerators approach is one of its advantages. WHY EXAGGERATORS? Exaggerators systems make maximum use of the land. Every part of the land is considered suitable for useful pla nts. Emphasis is placed on perennial, ultimate purpose crops that are planted once and yield benefits over a long period of time. Such benefits include construction materials, food for humans and animals, fuels, fibers, and shade.Trees in exaggerators systems also have important uses such as holding the soil against erosion and improving soil fertility (by fixing nitrogen or bringing minerals from deep in the soil and depositing them by leaf-fall). Furthermore, well-designed systems of exaggerators maximize beneficial interactions of the crop plants while minimizing unfavorable interactions. The most common interaction is intention, which may be for light, water, or soil nutrients. Competition invariably reduces the growth and yield of any crop.Yet competition occurs in monoculture as well, and this need not be more deleterious in exaggerators than monoculture systems. Interactions between components of an exaggerators system are Often complementary. In a system with trees and pastu re, with foraging animals, the trees provide shade and/or forage while the animals provide manure. Thus, exaggerators systems limit the risks and increase sustainability of both small- and large-scale agriculture. Exaggerators yester may be thought of as principle parts of the farm system itself, which contains many other sub-systems that together define a way of life. . 5. 1 -or produce For farmers, well managed exaggerators systems on sloping lands provide food, fiber, fodder, fruit, construction materials, medicine, honey, dyes and resin/gum, among other products. They also provide cultural and household utility items, bush meat from hunting and trapping, and products for sharing and barter among community member. Planted trees can also improve soil fertility and therefore support the production of staple crops and enhance DOD security in this way. 1. 5. 2 To protect Sloping lands are vulnerable to a number Of risks and hazards.Intense monsoon rain can trigger landslides and flas h floods and lead to soil erosion. Trees on slopes can help to prevent these effects, replenish soils and provide other environmental services. For example, a combination of grass strips, shrubs and trees in contour hedgerows on slopes can significantly reduce soil erosion. In addition, droughts can significantly reduce agricultural production, but exaggerators trees can help redistribute water in soil to provide annual rope with greater water availability, and provide shade to prevent water loss.

Written Project Base on Case Study

From the case we discuss, LabCo’s accounting policy for recognizes revenue from construction contract is reasonable. According to ASC605-35-25-61, an entity†¦ shall use the completed-contract†¦ for which reasonably dependable estimates cannot be made or for which inherent hazards make estimates doubtful. LabCo Company uses a normal standard for its accounting policy which is using Percentage of complection method base on how it determine the profit (cost-to-cost method); but in contract with Halibut, LabCo experiences unexpected difficulties includes: revising design, outsourcing engineering, price of material rising unforeseeably. These are the factors that make cost estimation harder. Percentage of Completion method is appropriate under ASC605-35-25-57, criteria B, The buyer can be expected to satisfy all obligations under the contract and C, The contractor can be expected to perform all contractual obligations. Completion of contract method is used according to ASC605-32-25-90, When lack of dependable estimates†¦inherent hazards relate to contract conditions or external factors that raise questions about contract estimates and about the ability of either the contractor or the customer to perform all obligations under the contract. Percentage of completion method is inappropriate for this contract, not only because it’s difficult to estimate the cost, but also the product fails to fulfill the buyer’s need. In this case, choosing completion of contract is better decision; based on previous experience, LabCo underestimate the cost and ability of complete the contract is the main reason forces them to change the policy. Change in method of accounting from the percentage-of-completion to the completed-contract is considering change in accounting principle. In ASC250-10-45-2, it states clearly about company can use alternative accounting principle to better interpret the current financial issues. According to ASC250-10-45-1, a presumption exists that an accounting principle once adopted shall†¦consistent use of the same accounting principle from one accounting period to another†¦and with a,b criteria. Once a new accounting principle is adopted, entity should consistently practice. Base on ASC250-10-45-5, entity should use retrospective approach apply for the new accounting principle. There are three basic requirements to do: A. Back to prior accounting period, the change of cumulative effect must be showed once apply the new principle. B. adjustment of the balance of retained earning must be made. C. Each individual financial statement from prior period shall apply the new principle. In LabCo’s case, once it changes the revenue recognition principle, the prior year’s revenue will become less in completion of contract method. Retain Earning account must be higher when using percentage of completion method. Therefore, retained earnings account needs to be adjusted. For current year, adjustment shall be made to beginning balance of retained earnings. Base on ASC250-10-45-8, Retrospective application shall include only the direct effects of a change in accounting principle, including any related income tax effects. Using retrospective approach shall contain direct effects, in this case would be income tax from prior period which should be less than the entity actual paid. Disclosure, ASC250-10-50-2 An entity that issues interim financial statements shall provide the required disclosures in the financial statements of both the interim period of the change and the annual period of the change. When reporting a change in Principle, explanation of why use new principle should be included. Work Cited Kieso, D. E., T. D. Warfield, and J. J. Weygandt.Intermediate accounting. 14th. Hoboken: John Wiley& Sons, Inc. , 2012. Print. https://asc.fasb.org/advancedsearchresults

Gifted Children and Poverty Sociology Essay

Gifted Children and Poverty Sociology Essay Gifted Children and Poverty Sociology Essay Gifted Children and Poverty Sociology Essay Poverty is the universal issue, which is affecting many areas of life in the zones of political and economic instability and in emerging and developed countries. In particular, poverty may be the most important factor impacting attainment of high achievements in education amongst other student differences. While not all schools have students of diverse ethnicity, race, and religion background, almost all schools would have some students who are living in poverty conditions. Hence, there is a need to give individual support to high-ability, low-income students (Burney Beilke, 2008). This topic is important to research because poverty is not so easily identifiable as a factor in the field of gifted education. There are numerous research studies on the impact of such elements as ethnicity, race, gender, cultural background, language, or school location on students’ high achievement. The importance to research the topic of the paper lies in the fact that it is not easy to identify prospective high-achieving students who, in addition, may be living in poverty. This is detrimental to the principals of equal opportunities given in education and the complication is that poverty may have a high impact on students’ performance. This research can be justified by its practical use in classrooms, in particular, supporting the belief in one’s own ability to master tasks, which can be influenced by motivating activities. It is very important to give stimulation in order to boost confidence of gifted students in poverty, for instance, by giving them challenging tasks. It has been determined that for those students who demonstrate high ability, their personal beliefs of own competence are often at the core of gaining motivation and, therefore, leading to exercising control in achieving high performance (Burney Beilke, 2008). The Impact of Poverty on Students’ Achievement The up-to-date research in the area of the impact of poverty on gifted students’ achievement contains philosophical beliefs and empirical research applicable to the issue. It also contains recommendations to help teachers boost the confidence of gifted youth and ensure the equity of education as an important part of equity in the democratic society, which nurtures its future. This analysis is particularly relevant in the field of gifted education. For the purpose of this research, four current scholarly articles have been selected, summarized, and analyzed. Burney and Beilke (2008) have focused on the definition of poverty as it relates to various areas of family life and argue that its implication is by far broader than purely financial limitations. The case under analysis is comprised of a socially underprivileged locality school with statistically 65 per cent of students living under the established poverty line and almost 100 per cent of students of Afro-American background. These students were given a chance to attain a cost-free college education, but only under the condition that they successfully graduate from school. Surprisingly, the outcome of such program was far from expected: in that particular year less students successfully graduated from school in comparison to the previous years (Burney Beilke, 2008). Some of the limiting circumstances, which are directly connected to poverty, have been identified in relation to gifted students with the main one being limited access to the resources that are required to build foundational skills for successful further studies and motivation. This refers to financial resources and common family interests and moral support required to support gifted children. In the ethnically and culturally diverse community, the myth of difference in values in different cultures may prompt an unnecessary belief and stereotype that a representative of certain cultural background places less value on education and success, which may lead to overlooking gifted children from those cultures. It is interesting that the findings of Burney and Beilke of Ball State University (2008) are confirmed in the earlier research of Baldwin of Connecticut State University (2004), precisely that children from poor households are underrepresented in the state and school Gifted Program s and various rigorous courses. Baldwin refers to the professional magazine Gifted Child Quarterly where there was an ongoing discussion and dialogues devoted to the lack of culturally diverse and underrepresented community groups’ students over the past five decades. Although this clearly demonstrates that there is a major concern about this issue, there was only a superficial analysis of many influential issues and variables. These issues can be grouped into three major topics: identification and selection of gifted students, curriculum and programming, and the choice of teaching staff along with their professional development (Baldwin, 2004). Baldwin has conducted a case research with the outcome, which has largely undermined the scoring of IQ and overall attitudes existing in education towards underprivileged children. This case study has shown the outcome of stimulating students in the classroom on the basis of 100 per cent Afro-American group of students who previously did not reach the IQ score of gifted students. It has turned out that the research has undermined the validity of IQ scores results, which basically determines if students are gifted. In this particular case, 24 students were identified who would not have been admitted to a Gifted Program, but for the teacher who would have advocated them by recognizing their potential and developing a motivational environment to pursue their innate abilities (Baldwin, 2004). It is worth noting that this case study can be applicable to a mixed group of students, not only of Afro-American descent. The key to the research is that with the motivation, the potential of stude nts can be identified and encouraged to flourish, thus bringing them to the Gifted Program. Later in this paper, it will be recommended in what ways this motivation can be applied in the conventional classroom approach. The grey area is the approach to giftedness and conceptions about the ways intelligence is demonstrated. Students with poor background may have such talents and gifts that might manifest in other ways, which are not recognized in the system of traditional values and behaviors. For instance, some of these manifestations may be in the field of creativity and expression, but due to the student’s vocabulary choice and poor grammar and the lack of social experience, their talent may not be acknowledged as one of the indicators of their potential talent. Some of the knowledge of students from poor background like, for example, sports, music, and other culture may not be considered as a valuable knowledge. Complex domestic environment may stimulate development of negotiation and communication skills, which are used to solve problems and avoid conflict, but are not recognized in the criteria for Gifted Programs (Slocumb Payne, 2000). Even when students from poverty are placed in the Gifted Program, risks exist, which can impede on their learning and progression in these programs. Some of them are the feeling of inadequacy as compared to wealthier students, low confidence, and poor self-image and they may stay in the way of student’s academic success. Not less important is the students’ lack of financial resources to gain access to learning materials, which are necessary to perform up to the academic expectations of the Gifted Program. Social status in the group of gifted students and the fact that some of the established friends are not in this program present further constraints on the ease of access of gifted education for the poor. There are many hidden undercurrents to poverty, which are not directly obvious to teachers and they can lead to teachers trying to remove the child from the program for the benefit of a group rather than trying to make necessary adjustments. The possible lack of help a nd support from family members may be another complication when any issues need a three-way discussion with the teacher, student, and family (Slocumb Payne, 2000). Critique and Recommendations Designing a suitable Gifted Program in school is often dependable on the identified number of gifted students and, therefore, on financial and other resources. While some areas have schools with enough students to offer such special Gifted Program within the school, others may have identified a small number of their students as gifted and this may be related to the community where this school operates. Some schools may have additional pull-out hours for gifted students, which may be insufficient to address the need and not serve the purpose of the Gifted Program. Even those schools that have a full Gifted Program face challenges, in particular, in the way of support for teachers. In terms of developing the potential of gifted students, their awareness of their own high potential is required for their high performance; at the same time, it is not a guarantee of such performance. A stronger motivation is needed from teachers to help students develop and up-keep their efforts and hard work to attributing high achievements. High grades and achievement are potentially leading to the likelihood of enrolling students to post-secondary courses and further lead to improved chances for obtaining a well-paid job and overall increased earnings, thus breaking the cycle of poverty. Better education can give prospects for students to escape the limitations of poverty not only for themselves, but for their families, parents, and future generations. Strategies for success in reviewing the Gifted Education Program include the importance of early identification and intervention in the overall improved general school program, changed perceptions of intelligence, and allowing for more flexible access to Gifted Programs. On an individual level, developing strength and resilience of students who are prepared to exercise high efforts and commitment along with attracting and recognizing the important role of the family support are important points to be stressed in the improvement of the Gifted Program strategy. Along with recognizing the need for improvement of the Gifted Education policy, the following recommendation can be made in the existing programs: Ensure effectiveness of identification and then placement of students from minority groups and possible preparatory classes for gifted programs; Review flexibility of teaching strategies and curriculum design, which would be the most effective for students from various cultural backgrounds; Involve the community in supporting poorer students demonstrating high ability; Review the current IQ tests and, possibly, remove its major role as an indicator for the giftedness; Review the role of creativity as one of the assessment tools for high potential identification. It should be said that poverty is the world issue and it will undoubtedly take many years to be resolved. The new globalized environment has brought along the faster pace, increasing technical progress and making the world smaller with integrated borders. One of the benefits of globalization is the fact that it has increased wealth, however, not for everyone and not everywhere. The existing poverty generates poor nutrition, poor hygiene living conditions, less employment chances, and more diseases. In the social sphere, which can also be evident in schools, children from poor background can experience bullying due to† low status† and depression, to name a few. British politician Peter Hain said that globalization presented opportunities. When well managed, it will help in driving forward efforts for building prosperity and diminishing poverty. Badly managed, it is bound to increase the gap between the rich and the poor (Cole, 2012, p. 7). Educators have to put their best efforts in order to help reduce this gap between the rich and the poor on the foundation level.

General George Washington in the American Revolution

General George Washington in the American Revolution Born February 22, 1732, along Popes Creek in Virginia, George Washington was the son of Augustine and Mary Washington. A successful tobacco planter, Augustine also became involved in several mining ventures and served as Justice of the Westmoreland County Court. Beginning at a young age, George Washington began spending most of his time at Ferry Farm near Fredericksburg, VA. One of several children, Washington lost his father at age eleven. As a result, he attended school locally and was taught by tutors rather than following his older brothers to England to enroll at the Appleby School. Leaving school at fifteen, Washington considered a career in the Royal Navy but was blocked by his mother. In 1748, Washington developed an interest in surveying and later obtained his license from the College of William and Mary. A year later, Washington used his familys connections to the powerful Fairfax clan to obtain the position of surveyor of newly-formed Culpeper County. This proved a lucrative post and allowed him to begin buying land in the Shenandoah Valley. The early years of Washingtons work also saw him employed by the Ohio Company to survey land in western Virginia. His career was also aided by his half-brother Lawrence who commanded the Virginia militia. Using these ties, the 62 Washington came to the attention of Lieutenant Governor Robert Dinwiddie. Following Lawrences death in 1752, Washington was made a major in the militia by Dinwiddie and assigned as one of four district adjutants. French Indian War In 1753, French forces began moving into the Ohio Country which was claimed by Virginia and the other English colonies. Responding to these incursions, Dinwiddie dispatched Washington north with a letter instructing the French to depart. Meeting with key Native American leaders en route, Washington delivered the letter to Fort Le Boeuf that December. Receiving the Virginian, the French commander,  Jacques Legardeur de Saint-Pierre, announced that his forces would not withdraw. Returning to Virginia, Washingtons journal from the expedition was published on Dinwiddies order and helped him gain recognition throughout the colony. A year later, Washington was placed command of a construction party and sent north to aid in building a fort at the Forks of the Ohio. Assisted by the Mingo chief Half-King, Washington moved through the wilderness. Along the way, he learned that a large French force was already at the forks constructing Fort Duquesne. Establishing a base camp at Great Meadows, Washington attacked a French scouting party led by Ensign Joseph Coulon de Jumonville, at the Battle of Jumonville Glen on May 28, 1754. This attack prompted a response and a large French force moved south to deal with Washington. Constructing Fort Necessity, Washington was reinforced as he prepared to meet this new threat.   In the resulting Battle of Great Meadows on July 3, his command was beaten and ultimately forced to surrender. Following the defeat, Washington and his men were permitted to return to Virginia. These engagements began the French Indian War and led to the arrival of additional British troops in Virginia. In 1755, Washington joined Major General Edward Braddocks advance on Fort Duquesne as a volunteer aide to the general.   In this role, he was present when Braddock was badly defeated and killed at the Battle of the Monongahela that July. Despite the failure of the campaign, Washington performed well during the battle and worked tirelessly to rally British and colonial forces.   In recognition of this, he received command of the Virginia Regiment. In this role, he proved a strict officer and trainer. Leading the regiment, he vigorously defended the frontier against the Native Americans and later took part in the Forbes Expedition which captured Fort Duquesne in 1758. Peacetime In 1758, Washington resigned his commission and retired from the regiment. Returning to private life, he married the wealthy widow Martha Dandridge Custis on January 6, 1759, and took up residence at Mount Vernon, a plantation he had inherited from Lawrence. With his newly obtained means, Washington began expanding his real estate holdings and greatly expanded the plantation. This also saw him diversify its operations to include milling, fishing, textiles, and distilling. Though he never had children of his own, he aided in raising Marthas son and daughter from her previous marriage. As one of the colonys wealthiest men, Washington began serving in the House of Burgesses in 1758. Moving to Revolution Over the next decade, Washington grew his business interests and influence. Though he disliked the 1765 Stamp Act, he did not begin publicly opposing British taxes until 1769 when he organized a boycott in response to the Townshend Acts. With the introduction of the Intolerable Acts following the 1774 Boston Tea Party, Washington commented that the legislation was an invasion of our rights and privileges. As the situation with Britain deteriorated, he chaired the meeting at which the Fairfax Resolves were passed and was selected to represent Virginia at the First Continental Congress. With the Battles of Lexington Concord in April 1775 and the beginning of the American Revolution, Washington began attending meetings of the Second Continental Congress in his military uniform. Leading the Army With the Siege of Boston ongoing, Congress formed the Continental Army on June 14, 1775. Due to his experience, prestige, and Virginia roots, Washington was nominated as commander in chief by John Adams. Accepting reluctantly, he rode north to take command. Arriving at Cambridge, MA, he found the army badly disorganized and lacking supplies. Establishing his headquarters at the Benjamin Wadsworth House, he worked to organize his men, obtain needed munitions, and improve the fortifications around Boston. He also dispatched Colonel Henry Knox to Fort Ticonderoga to bring the installations guns to Boston. In a massive effort, Knox completed this mission and Washington was able to emplace these guns on Dorchester Heights in March 1776. This action forced the British to abandon the city.  Ã‚   Keeping an Army Together Recognizing that New York would likely be the next British target, Washington moved south in 1776. Opposed by General William Howe and Vice Admiral Richard Howe, Washington was forced from the city after being flanked and defeated at Long Island in August. In the wake of the defeat, his army narrowly escaped back to Manhattan from its fortifications in Brooklyn. Though he won a victory at Harlem Heights, a string of defeats, including at White Plains, saw Washington driven north then west across New Jersey. Crossing the Delaware, Washingtons situation was desperate as his army was badly reduced and enlistments were expiring. Needing a victory to bolster spirits, Washington conducted a daring attack on Trenton on Christmas night. Moving Towards Victory Capturing the towns Hessian garrison, Washington followed up this triumph with a victory at Princeton a few days later before entering winter quarters. Rebuilding the army through 1777, Washington marched south to block British efforts against the American capital of Philadelphia. Meeting Howe on September 11, he again flanked and beaten at the Battle of Brandywine. The city fell shortly after the fighting. Seeking to turn the tide, Washington mounted a counterattack in October but was narrowly defeated at Germantown. Withdrawing to Valley Forge for the winter, Washington embarked on a massive training program which was overseen by Baron Von Steuben. During this period, he was forced to endure intrigues such as the Conway Cabal, in which officers sought to have him removed and replaced with Major General Horatio Gates. Emerging from Valley Forge, Washington began a pursuit of the British as they withdrew to New York. Attacking at the Battle of Monmouth, the Americans fought the British to a standstill. The fighting saw Washington at the front working tirelessly to rally his men. Pursuing the British, Washington settled into a loose siege of New York as the focus of the fighting shifted to the southern colonies. As commander in chief, Washington worked to direct operations on the other fronts from his headquarters. Joined by French forces in 1781, Washington moved south and besieged Lieutenant General Lord Charles Cornwallis at Yorktown. Receiving the British surrender on October 19, the battle effectively ended the war. Returning to New York, Washington endured another year of struggling to keep the army together amid a lack of funds and supplies. Later Life With the Treaty of Paris in 1783, the war came to an end. Though immensely popular and in position to become a dictator if he desired, Washington resigned his commission at Annapolis, MD on December 23, 1783, confirming the precedent of civilian authority over the military. In later years, Washington would serve as president of the Constitutional Convention and as the first President of the United States. As a military man, Washingtons true value came as an inspirational leader who proved capable of keeping the army together and maintaining resistance during the darkest days of the conflict. A key symbol of the American Revolution, Washingtons ability command respect was only surpassed by his willingness to cede power back to the people. When he learned of Washingtons resignation, King George III stated: If he does that, he will be the greatest man in the world.

Consideration Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Consideration - Essay Example The extant practice of the courts is to reject a transaction even if there is consideration for the promise; if it is illegal in nature. Furthermore, it has become accepted practice to refuse enforcement of a promise, for the reason that it had not been the objective of the promisor to create any legal association by that promise. As such, consideration is no longer perceived to be a concise term that indicates the presence or absence of justification for enforcing a promise2. Albeit, consensus demands unconditional acceptance of an offer, consideration is also required, if a valid contract is to come into existence. Consideration is related to various legal concepts and provisions. A mere inclusion of consideration in the contract is insufficient to make it valid. Consideration should be either in a monetary form or in a form that can be estimated monetarily. A promise that lacks consideration is not capable of being legally enforced3. In general, the provision of goods or services constitutes the consideration on account of one of the parties to the contract. The other party pays money for these goods or services. Agency law terms such financial consideration as commission. Such consideration is known as price in sale of goods; receipt of wages or salary by employees in employment contracts; freight in the carriage of goods; and premiums in insurance contracts4. As such, persons, who are under a legal obligation to perform some duty, need not be provided with consideration, in order to perform the same. This is due to the reason that they are legally bound to complete the duty. Thus, anyone who is under a legal obligation to do something cannot make a good consideration by merely completing it. Performing a duty beyond a person’s legal obligation can constitute good consideration. This principle was established in

Understanding Various Dimensions of War Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Understanding Various Dimensions of War - Essay Example Leaders who create tough realistic training conditions and ensure psychological protection, continue to fulfill the challenges of a key leader. Moreover, the responsibility also encircles maintaining unit cohesion and demonstrating the quality of humanness (Moseley, 2007). Furthermore, it is important for leaders to ensure appropriate grief counseling and grief work during tough times, as well as to ensure that leaders observe and identify critical warning signs of Soldiers who are in distress. Not to forget how important is communication, since it makes meaning of the risks and sacrifices which are made by the Soldiers while achieving the unit’s missions and objectives. It is important for leaders to realize and embrace the understanding of the moral, ethical and psychological dimensions of war. The training of applied ethics fosters the development of a unique combination of values, principles, knowledge, skills and abilities critical for decision making and effective leadership combat (Moseley, 2007). This training is mostly done through self-study. The critical factors that include everything that is done in war involve the moral, ethical and psychological dimensions of war. An even broader dimension of the psychological aspects of war lies beyond psychological health and psychological fitness, which transcends every performance of the leaders. Within the psychological characteristics of motivation are woven character, presence and intellect along with leads, develops and archives, in a leader. It is because of these psychological factors that become the X-factor under pressure and stress, and therefore this may become the determinant for either success or failure either individually or as a unit (Moseley, 2007). A key ingredient of bravery, valor and warrior ethos can be categorized as psychological fitness.

Disscussion question Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Disscussion question - Assignment Example Effecting of sanctions and embargoes might do more harm than beneficial to a country for this reason; it should be done carefully after assessment of the possible aftermaths. America at one point had an embargo on almost all commodities excluding oil; this was because oil is one of their economies’ driving forces. The other strategy is through innovations which drive towards sustainable growth and quality jobs. Based on the idea that US economy is reliant on fossil fuels, it is tremendously valuable for the US government to protect consumers and businesses against harmful price shocks. Lovett, Eckes & Brinkman (2004) further explains that it has been the government’s role to assure continuous supply of strategic materials such as oil. For a long time, the U.S has left this task to the national defense stockpile which ensures that materials needed are available in time of war and this meant leaving it to the free market to guarantee supply for the industrial economy. In order to trim down US dependence on doubtful sources of supply of strategic materials need to be based on a combination of approaches (Lovett, Eckes, & Brinkman 2004). Through planned purchasing and procurement, the state ensures availability of strategic materials. When it is done by professional, it is termed as supply management. This makes sure that there is a constant supply of the strategic materials needed to the state and in a reasonable time so that there are no cases of deficit (Lovett, Eckes, & Brinkman (2004). As many would believe, US policy should be aiming at increasing trade. It is fascinating to note that, not all Americans are happy with the policy makers as the majorly dwell on business importance coupled with overwhelming goodwill that incorporate other priorities. Eckes (2000) argues that for a long time, now majority of American have been supporting the trade policy as they believe that it will improve trade. For instance, in 2001, poll

Information security authentication program for Moonshine Mining Essay Example for Free

Information security authentication program for Moonshine Mining Essay Moonshine mining deals with the mining business related to diamond, sapphire, gold etc. Moonshine mining maintains all its intellectual properties and other important documents in 3 internal servers in Perth head office. This information is very confidential to the moon shining. This information should be available only to the internal moon shining employees and other authorized personnel’s. Moonshine has identified the potential risk for the information assets through the risk assessment procedure. To overcome these risks, proper authentication and other security procedures must be implemented in the organization. Each and every method has its own disadvantages and advantages, the proper investigation and study must be performed to choose the best fit method for the organization. Introduction Computer security must be an integral part of the organization. Computer Security is the protection afforded to an automated information system in order to attain the applicable objectives of preserving the integrity, availability and confidentiality of information system resources. Through the selection and application of appropriate safeguards, security helps the organizations mission by protecting its physical and financial resources, reputation, legal position, employees, and other tangible and intangible assets (NIST 2006). Many organizations are spending millions of dollars in computer security. Computer security policies and goals should be inline with the organization mission and policies. Computer security should be very cost effective. Specialized teams must be formed in the organization for monitoring and controlling the computer security policies and procedures. Basic Security policies should be followed in Moonshine Company Computer security policies must be accessible by everyone in the organization. Each and every single personnel in the organization is responsible for implementing and maintaining the computer security. User support must be provided for solving various problems related to computer security. Help desks are needed to be created for this type of support. Additional support can be any helpline and online chat. Software support should be available in the organization. Various restrictions are needed to be imposed on the usage of several kind of software in the organization. Licensed and authenticated software are recommended for trouble free working environment. Backup plan should be implemented and followed carefully for restoration if disaster or unrecoverable errors caused. Media should be properly maintained and periodic assessments are to be needed. Login information should be kept secret and several log records are to be assed for detecting unauthorized user access. Basic security features like firewall, antivirus software are to be made ready in the system. Integrity checks and other checks are to be performed frequently. Documentation and maintenance are the important activities needed to be done regarding computer security. Authentication Authentication is very important for maintaining the computer security. Each and every personnel must be authenticated for accessing the information resources. There are many types of authentication methods. It can be broadly classified into two categories, Biometric authentication and Non Biometric authentication. The authentication must be implemented with the proper security algorithm to avoid intrusions. Many authentication schemes are developed over the years. Several hashing and other schemes are combined to make the better authentication protocol. Privacy through Biometric Authentication It is based on identifying the person based on their personal and behavioral traits. There are several biometric authentication methods like finger print recognition, face recognition, iris recognition. Some the distinct advantages of biometric method are users need not required to remember password/codes, permanent characteristics and ease of use. Finger print authentication: Finger print authentication is the basic biometric authentication method. The patterns available on ridges and valleys of person’s finger are unique for every individual (Harris D. 2000). Several algorithms are available in the market to uniquely identify the persons based on the patterns. The finger print authentication can be implemented in moon mining company with a very small amount of investment. The cost of installing devices and other software required for finger print authentication would be very minimal when compared to other biometric authentication methods. When compared to non biometric methods the database size would be litter larger for biometrics methods. Since the numbers of users in the moon mining company is very less the biometrics method can be easily implemented without any trouble. Finger print authentication method is not very much suitable for moon shine mining company because in the mining company the person works with lot of dusts and smoke. Some readers might not recognize the dirty and dusted hands. Since it is a mining company persons may have some cuts in their hand so the readers may not work properly in those situations. Most of the time users might wear gloves in their hand, they might feel uneasy to remove for each and every time for the authentication. Face recognition Face recognition is another basic biometric authentication method. In this method, the persons face is captured using camera or infrared waves and it is authenticated with the existing database. The spatial geometry in the face is analyzed to uniquely identify the face. The face can be easily recognizes with change of facial expressions or change of hair style etc. The advantages of face recognition it is the contact free process. The database should be maintained with facial information of the users. The change in the face is very minimal. The moon mining company can prefer this method of authentication. The cost of implementation is also not so high. Some of the disadvantages include detecting the face mask and low light environment (Vijayan 2009). Since it is a mining company it would operate in low light areas, so proper methods must be chosen to avoid low light environment problems. People from some ethnic groups and nationalities won’t expose the face to outer world. In those situations the face recognition it is not possible to implement. Iris Recognition Iris recognition is one of the latest methods of biometric authentication. The colored area that surrounds pupil is used for the identification of the persons (Daouk 2006). Every people have unique color pattern. It is also a non contact method of authentication. The cost of implementation is little high when compared to other methods. It is very fast and robust. The latest iris technologies are very powerful in recognizing the patterns even though they are covered with the contact lenses and glasses. Iris based authentication is recommended if the moon mining company wants high end solution for the biometric authentication and ready for little high investment. Digital Signatures A digital signature is an automated method of verifying our usual handwritten signatures. The various features like speed, pressure, nodes etc are verified for authentication. This method is based on behavioral aspect of the person. It is simple method for authentication. It has many disadvantages like it can be imitated by others easily; signature is tending to change slowly by time. It’s not so safe to go with this type of authentication method. Privacy through Non Biometric Authentication The non biometric method for authentication is very common in the organization. It is simple and easy to implement. No extra infrastructure is required to implement these authentication methods. It is very cost effective method. RFID Authentication method The privacy can be provided by ensuring the proper authentication mechanism in practice. Several authentication protocols are used in existence systems. The authentication will be performed in the readers and authentication parameters and value are stored in the RFID tags. The RFID readers would be available in each and every computers of the moon shining company. One of the common practices is store common password in all the RFID tags to be used. Whenever the tag is read if the password matches the other processing is done else the tag would be neglected. Another method for authentication is to assign store all the RFID tags unique number in database, when the tag is detected the number is cross checked with the database for authentication. Despite the numerous benefits of RFID systems, it has few pitfalls and some common problems. The main security threat in the RFID system is the privacy security breaches. All the information is stored in the RFID tags. The RFID tags can also be read by others who have the RFID readers. The data can be read and modified in the tags by any one using the RFID readers (Moscatiell 2007). The RFID systems may be collapsed if several RFID tags are processed together. The RFID tags can communicate only to one RFID reader at instance. If two RFID readers are accessing a single tag, there may be a junk or collapse in the system. Other Radio signal interference can violate some of the properties of the RFID systems. Some other security threats also exist for the RFID systems. Device Based Authentication: In this device based authentication, some special secure devices are used to generate the passcodes. These passcodes are verified for authorizing the persons. One of the famous devices is RSA based secureId device. It uses public key encryption for generating the passcode. Each and every user will have a small hand held device to generate the passcodes. These passcode are verified using the security algorithms for authentication. This method of authentication is also suggested for moon mining company. Conclusion All the organization should follow the tight computer security principles and policies. The basic security features must be installed in each and every computer system in the organization. All the users must be educated about the computer security principles and various threat regarding. The company can also go for the third parties for implementation and maintenance of computer security in the organization. This would help the organization to have the better security. Dedicated teams must be available for performing and monitoring all the computer security activities. The organization will be in trouble if the computer security practices are not followed in the organization.

Marc Reisners Coming Undammed :: Environmental Ecology Essays

Marc Reisner's Coming Undammed A dam is a barrier constructed across a waterway to control the flow or raise the level of water. (Dictionary 1) They are put in place with much care and patience. A dam is very carefully planned out. Where they are going to be placed? What type of soil it is going to be constructed in? When the plans are drawn out, every detail is gone over with a fine tooth comb. Marc Reisner has written an essay titled Coming Undammed, is an essay about him talking how he supports dam removals across the country. He has made some ideas about why he sustains his opinion, some of which I agree with, but mainly I oppose. He starts off by talking about a dam that he had visited on the Elwha River, which has two dams within it. In the upper part of the river, the Glines Canyon dam, and in the lower dam just called the Elwha. His first point against the building of dams is how the silt in the ground surrounding this dam has begun to leak into the dam. Which he says will lead to big slurrying of the water and will eventually â€Å"add millions of dollars to the cost of decommissioning.† (Reisner 382) This may be the case, but is only the case in this instance that he has come across. The ground of all other dams is not made up of the same material as every other dam in the nation. The dirt in New York doesn’t have the same makeup as the dirt of the Hoover dam in Nevada. The next idea that he had for opposing dams are the expunging of fisheries where the dams are. He gave the example of how â€Å"before the dams went in, the Elwha River churned out salmon as the Chesapeake Bay did crabs.† (Reisner 382) He also goes on to say that the fish were large and there were several types of fish with in the river. He concludes this point by saying that when the dams were built up, it shut off the fish habitation within the river and reducing the fish numbers. I agree that with him that the number of fish would be decreased with a dam being built. I think that the amount wouldn’t be that high to cause a major problem.

Philosophy Metaphysics Essay

Plato was a Greek philosopher who has written different articles and books on different subjects including poetry, politics, music, biology and zoology, physics and metaphysics and logical books. He was and is a very important figure on western culture philosophy. He was the first and founder of who created the comprehensive philosophical system on the above mentioned subjects. His complex views on practical sciences completely shaped and gave a direction to medieval scholars, their influence expanded far well into the culture although they were later replaced by modern physical science. According the study his work in biology was confirmed to be perfect and accurate as early as nineteenth century and contained the earliest known formal study with logics that were transformed to modern form of study. He was also a mathematician and the founder of Athens academy which was the first institution of higher learning in the western world. He was a Socrates student who was much influenced by his complex thinking. Plato’s sophisticated wrings can be witnessed by reading his Socrates articles. Though Plato was a lecture in his academy, none of his pedagogical dialogues is known with a proof. Bibliography Early life The Plato’s exact birth date is not known, but according to ancient sources estimates that he was born in Athens approximetry between 429 and 423 BC (Irwin,1995) He was a son to Ariston. Ariston traced his descent from the king of Athens, Codrus, and the king of Messenia, Melanthus. Plato’s mother was called Perictione, whose family had a undoubted relationship with the highest ranked and famous lawmaker of Athens and Solon the poet. Plato, Ariston and Perictione the sister to Chamides of the thirty tyrants had three other children; two sons, Adeimantus and Glaucon, and a daughter Potone. According to research conducted by ancient writers, his mother conceived through a virginal conception. Apollo the ancient Greek god appeared to Ariston in a vision, and this was a resulted why Ariston left Perictione unmolested. Another legend says that when Plato was sleeping as an infant, bees had settled on his lips a sign of the sweetness that would flow for he would discourse philosophy. Ariston believed to have died during the Plato’s early life, although the exact date of his death is hard to know. Plato used to introduce his distinguished relatives into his dialogues, or to mention them with some precision: (Richard, 1993) Naming Plato was formally known as Aristocles, he was named after his grand father, his wrestling coach, Ariston of Argos, nicknamed him â€Å"Platon†, which was to be his future name meaning â€Å"broad† on account of his robust figure. Plato derived this name from the breadth of his eloquence, or else because he was very wide across the forehead. (Eric, 2005) Socrates Plato made it clear in his apologies of Socrates that he was among the member of Socrates young devoted followers. In the dialogue, Socrates name Plato as one of the corrupt youths who are close to him if he was in deed guilty of corrupting the youth, he would question why his relatives did not step forward to testify against him if he really committed the crime. Plato was also fined together with Crito, Critobolus, and Apollodorus on behalf of death penalty against them. (Taylor,2001). The relationship between the Plato and the Socrates is full of problems, Aristotle tries to attributes a different doctrine with respect to the ideas of Plato and Socrates but Plato always use other people to speak in his dialogues. In another letter of Plato states that no letter of Plato will exist, this brings in a question of whether the letters believed are his are really his of from Socrates. The relationship between the Plato and Socrates is an area that that answers the scholars’ question. (Roy, 2001) The Metaphysics of the Phaedo This is Plato’s eulogy to Socrates. This recounts the last moments of Plato and his teacher. He emphasizes that we ought to care and there is a concrete need to care for our soul for this is to live in what he called philosophically. Plato tries to bring into contrast between the changing form of life and materials. Plato never gave deep description on whatever he wrote about this was referred to as Plato’s doctrine. Perhaps the scholars tend to think Plato’s way of expression on metaphysics is not complete for he does not emphasize much on the changing form and souls and metaphysics this tends to give scholars a task of trying to understand what are the set principles Plato’s tried to bring forward. Plato never gave a definition of anything though it could give a clear picture of what is in his mind (Mitchell,2004) Plato’s narration Plato, though in his narration, he never participated as a character. He never claims that he has ever heard anything to do with his narration at first place with an exception of Socrates apology. In so me of his dialogues, there is no narrator examples of these are, Meno, Gorgias, Phaedrus, Crito, Euthyphro in other dialogues, they have been narrated by Socrates where he speaks as a first person examples of this are Lysis, Charmides, Apology, Republic. Socrates narrates to anonymous person. Plato’s absence in his own dialogues and character is identified as his holding his actual view. The question of why Plato distanced himself from the author ship of his own dialogues is an issue that went against the tradition of Socrates. (Edward,2007). Late life of Plato Plato the philosopher traveled to various countries world wide which include. Cyrene, Egypt, Italy and Sicily. He returned to Athens at an age of about forty. According to history, he found a school which is believed to be one of the most organized by then in western culture on a piece of land in the Hecademus Grove. It was a big school on a piece of land owned by a citizen of Athens called Academus. The academy operated until its closedown at around AD 529 by Justinian I of Byzantium who found the academy as a threat to Christian propagation. Many intellectuals were educated at the academy including the Aristotle. Plato died at an age of 84 in Athens. (John, 1999). Conclusion Plato set a formula to be followed by modern scholars. His writings stand unique among other scholars for he never used himself as a character in his dialogues. Though not known why he used other people, he stands to be among the ancient greatest scholars. The establishment of the academy paved way forward for those who were ready to learn including the Aristotle. He is to be remembered as far formal education is concerned. Footnotes Plato was 84 years old at his death [37] The academy operated until its closedown at around AD 529[33] The Plato’s exact birth date is not known, but according to ancient sources estimates that he was born in Athens approximetry between 429 and 423 BC [36] He was also a mathematician and the founder of Athens academy [23] Crito, Critobolus, and Apollodorus on behalf of death penalty against them [46] Reference: Irwin, T (1995) Plato’s ethics, oxford university press, USA Richard, K. (1993) The Cambridge companion to Plato, Cambridge university press Eric, H. (2005) preface to Plato, Belknap press Roy, J. (2001) Plato. London, Holder and stroughton Mitchell, M. (2004). The Philosopher in Plato’s Statesman. Parmenides Publishing Edward, M. (2007). Plato. Philosophy Insights Series. Tirril, Humanities-Ebooks. Taylor, E. (2001). Plato: The Man and His Work, Dover Publications John, S. (1999). Chorology: On Beginning in Plato’s â€Å"Timaeus†. Indiana University Press.